ISSN: 2456–5474 RNI No.  UPBIL/2016/68367 VOL.- VII , ISSUE- VI July  - 2022
Innovation The Research Concept
Diversity of Leafy vegetables used by Local habitants of district Korba (Chhattisgarh) India.
Paper Id :  16165   Submission Date :  02/07/2022   Acceptance Date :  17/07/2022   Publication Date :  25/07/2022
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Meera Madhuri Mahant
Assistant Professor
Higher Education
Gyanchandra Shrivastava Govt. P.G. College
Damoh ,Madhya Pradesh, India
Abstract Present study is based on the identification and documentation of leafy vegetables revealed that the tribal and local habitants who living in remote areas. Often do very little cultivation; they ate a variety of leafy vegetables. Some plants in the flora of Korba district (CG) reflect the diversity of 40 species and 21 families. The 40 such leafy vegetables that were eaten by the tribal and local people of Korba district (Chhattisgarh) are described in this study. The highest number of species recorded in the family Brassicaceae (05). The study showed that; a large amount of cultivated leafy vegetables as well as weed plants used as vegetable of Korba district and its adjoining areas are having an edible and nutritional value. Plant species were recorded which are being used as vegetables, drinks, fruits, dry fruits, pickles, foods, chutney, confection and curry (Lal et al. 2017).
Keywords Tribal, Community, Leafy Vegetables, Nutrition, Resources.
Introduction
In Chhattisgarh, the life and economy of the tribal and local people are intimately connected with the natural vegetation. Leafy vegetables play a major role in the nutritional requirement of the tribal and local population in remote parts of the Chhattisgarh. It constitutes an essential component in the diet and food security of many tribal and local communities particularly people living around the forest fringe. It is estimated that in India about 800 species are consumed as wild edible plants over the country (Singh & Arora 1978). The human population has used leaves as food since decades. The different types of leaves depending from the place and the season (winter, summer, Rainy) were a part of the human diet since prehistoric times. Eventually, the passing of the centuries might have traditional leaf vegetables have been replaced by leaves (Chauhan et al., 2014). The State of Chhattisgarh is not only a forest of natural rich state but also has a rich availability of wild edible leaves (Chowdhary & Mukherjee, 2012). It shows the poor situation of consumption of all the specific food items except green leaves (Cooper et al., 1966).
Aim of study The tribal and local habitants people normally collect seeds of local forest product and sell them to earn their livelihood. Also the diversity of leafy vegetable species offer variety in family diet & contribute to household food security as well as increase dietary diversity. Further, it provides rural households with increase of income opportunities through their sale in the markets. In view of above, the present study was conducted to achieve the goal by covering the following objectives: 1. Identification of leafy vegetables plant species in Korba district. 2. Documentation of identified leafy vegetables in the study area. 3. Ethno botanical uses of edible plant species.
Review of Literature

The collected data were accordingly identified with help of literature. Field survey and herbarium methods were followed according to (Singh & Arora, 1978) & (Chowdhary & Mukherjee, 2012).
Methodology
The field survey was carried out in the villages and forest villages of the different region of Korba district. Methodology covers two types of survey namely: 1. Study Area & Field Survey 2. Literature Collection Korba district is located at 22.35°N 82.68°E of Chhattisgarh State of India covers an area of 7142 km². The forest area cover of Korba is 4187.375 km². Korba is the power capital of namely formed in state Chhattisgarh. The information was based on an ethno-botanical field study of the different parts of Korba district. The study showed that; a large amount of cultivated leafy vegetables as well as weed plants used as vegetable of Korba district and nearest region are having edible and nutritional values.
Tools Used The main aim of the survey was to collect information about the leafy vegetables plant species which are used by the tribal and local peoples and also the species are identified and documented by collecting samples of plant species. The identified and collected plant samples were arranged and documented according to their local names, in different tribal and local languages. The total respondents were 40-45 in numbers per villages to collect information on leafy vegetables, along with the information and identification from forest department about the local names and utilization of wild edible plants of the study area.
Statistics Used in the Study

In this research study, data has been collected which is of plants with green leaves used as vegetables accordingly to randomly interview of local people and tribals.  
Analysis

Table (1): The identified and collected plant samples were arranged plant species along with their Botanical name, family, common name, and habitat and plant parts used.  
{Symbol: (S) = shrub, (H) = herb, (B) = bulb, (T) = tree, (HC) = herb climber}




 Table (2): The identified and collected plant samples arranged to their parts used in Veg. 
Result and Discussion

1.   Identified species classified on the basis of habit

The information is given in the species list from table no. 1; has been analyzed in the following paragraphs. Species are classified on the basis of the habit – Cultivated (20 species  out  of  40 species of plants), Weeds (15species  out  of  40 species  of plants), Herb (21 species  out of  40  species  of plants), Shrub (10 species  out  of  40 species  of plants), Tree (05 species  out  of  40 species  of plants),  Bulb (02 species  out  of  40 species  of plants) and Herb climber (02 species  out  of  40 species  of plants).

2.      Identified species classified on the basis of usage

The information given in the species list above has been analyzed in the following paragraphs. Species are classified on the basis of the parts used and how they are used.

Plant parts used 

1.   Fruits: (03 species out of 40 species of plants)

Cucurbita maxima Duch.,  Momordica charantia., Moringa olefera  (Lam.) 

2. Seeds:  (04 species out of 40 species of plants)

Brassica  compestris  L., Cicer arietinum L., Trigonella  foenum graceum L.  Lathyrus sativa L.

3. Leaves:   All 40 species of plants are uses as leafy vegetables from table no. 1.

4. Roots, tubers & bulb: (05 species out of 40 species of plants)  Raphanus sativus L., Ipomoea batatas Lam., Brassica oleracea var.capitata  L., Allium cepa L., Allium sativum L.

5.    Stem: (04 Species out of 40 species of plants) Amarranthus Viridis L., Amaranthus spinosus L., Brassica oleracea var.caularpa L., Colocasia antiquarum Schott.

6. Flowers or inflorescence: (02 species out of 40 species of plants) Moringa olefera (Lam.), Cordia myxa Roxb. 
Conclusion Thus it was concluded that wild edible leaves are the solution to solve the poverty and socio-economic condition of the tribal and local inhabitants of Chhattisgarh for their day to day food requirements. These are the nature’s gift to the inhabitants of forests to fulfill their nutrition requirements. Overall these leafy vegetable seems to provide a great opportunity to the tribal peoples for their better livelihood. The utilization of different method may enhancing their production both in vitro and in vivo can manage the ecological biota of tribal people.
Acknowledgement Author is thankful to all informants and rural people of various villages of Korba district (CG) for showing their traditional knowledge on uses of leafy vegetable about plants. Author is also thankful to Mr. K.D. Manikpuri (Informant) and department of Botany Govt. Girls College Ghantaghar, Niharika Road Korba(C.G.).
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