For verification of this paper, please visit on http://www.socialresearchfoundation.com/innovation.php#8

Phytoplankton and zooplankton collectively known as plankton are key constituents of biotic components of any water ecosystem. Phytoplanktons are the main energy converters in the food chain. They convert solar energy into chemical energy as food. Zooplanktons serve as a conductor between energy providers and consumers by transferring this food energy to higher trophic levels. Phytoplanktons and Zooplanktons are a very fast response to environmental changes, these species serve as significant biological indicators of the trophic levels and provide a blueprint for the water quality of the aquatic ecosystem.

Viability Indicators of Aquatic Ecosystem
The key primary producers of any ecosystem are phytoplankton.  The biological production of any aquatic body can be utilized as a gauge of its trophic status and potential for biological resources. There is a positive correlation between nitrate and phosphate concentration in the water body and algal density (Levine and Schindler, 1999). Distribution of Algal families correlated with physicochemical parameters, such that the distribution of Cyclopidae positively correlated with depth and negatively correlated with Turbidity, Fe, Zn, Ca, and Colour (De Cabo, et al., 2003). According to Jeppesen, et al., (2005), there is a correlation between acidified lake water and plankton, macroinvertebrates, and fish diversity. According to Padmanabha, and Belagali (2008) when the lake's water was highly polluted at that time few species of Ostracods flourish highly in that lake water. The reason was that these species of Ostracods were more adapted and competition from other species was absent. Few species of Ostracods can tolerate and flourish in highly polluted lakes due to better adaptability and decreased competition from other species (Padmanabha and Belagali, 2008). Phytoplanktons can be used as bioindicators of water body environment as trophic status composed of creatures with high environmental sensitivity (Arora, et al., 2009). The trophic status of lakes can be determined by the community size of a few key zooplankton species, and this information can also be used to understand trophic state changes (Ferdous and Muktadir, 2009).  Reduction in acidity and metal concentration increases zooplankton communities in the water body (Valois et al., 2010). The key component of the food webs of the water body is phytoplankton and according to the availability of producers in food webs, primary and secondary consumers' composition change (Gharib, et al., (2011).
According to Offem, et al., (2011) from May to August, the physicochemical parameters’ value was the lowest while during the dry season (February to March) the values were high and correlated with the quantity and diversity of planktons. Recently, plankton has been used as a bio-indicator to assess the integrity of water (Poniewozik et al., 2011). According to Karuthapandi, et al., (2013) Rotifera were more abundant than other zooplankton groups, especially during the winter season. Zooplankton plays a key role in lake ecosystem processes by enabling energy transfer from primary producers to higher trophic levels (Zhou, et al., 2014). At two marked sites where higher concentration of phytoplankton, when the tested physicochemical status of water found a higher concentration of pollutants (Matta, et al., 2015).
Temperature is one of the main factors regulating the biogeochemical activities in the aquatic environment. Seasonal variation of productivity is related to variation in temperature and photic conditions (Rasconi, et al., 2015). Chlorophyll-a and pH are two important factors regulating zooplankton diversity of lake Gala (Turkey) during the months of November to December (Apaydın, et al., 2016). Algal communities are very sensitive to the physicochemical status of water. Algal communities shift from being a diverse community of species to a monotonous community (Gokce, et al., 2016). Zooplanktons are one of the most acceptable bioindicators of water body pollution as they can easily collect, and identified and they also respond quickly to stressful conditions including acidification (Valois, et al., 2010) and fish densities (Yu, et al., 2016).
Members of the zooplankton community are widely used as bioindicators of environmental pollution as they can easily be collected (Paturej, et al., 2017), identified, and also respond quickly to stressful conditions including nutrient loading (Pace, 1986). Edoreh, et al., (2021) found a positive correlation between zooplankton and potassium, total hardness, and iron. The distribution pattern of zooplankton is highly influenced by environmental parameters like temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, and Chlorophyll-a (Saravanakumar, et al., 2021). The significant impact of season, turbidity, Phosphate, Nitrate, and Dissolved Oxygen were shown on the distribution of zooplanktons (Oparaku, et al., 2022).

If water natural composition of any water body change, acidic pH, BOD increases.  

1. Apaydin, Yagci, M., Yagc, A., and Dolcu, B. (2016). Relationships between the Physicochemical Parameters and Zooplankton in Egirdir Lake (Turkey). 2. Arora, J., and Mehra, N. K. (2009). Seasonal Dynamics of Zooplankton in a Shallow Eutrophic, Man-made Hyposaline Lake in Delhi (India): Role of Environmental Factors. Hydrobiologia, 626(1), 27-40. 3. De Cabo, L., Puig, A., Arreghini, S., Olguin, H. F., Seoane, R., and Obertello, I. (2003). Physicochemical Variables and Plankton from the Lower Delta of the Rarana River (Argentina) in Relation to Flow. Hydrological Processes, 17(7), 1279-1290. 4. Edoreh, J. A., IMoobe, T. O. T., Ikpokpo, E., Ubrej-Joe, M. M., and Ubrej-Joe, C. M. (2021). Zooplankton Diversity, Dynamics and Correlation with Physicochemical Parameters at Ugbevwe Pond in Delta State, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 25(6), 1047-1052. 5. Gokce, D. (2016). Algae as an Indicator of Water Quality. Algae-Organisms for Imminent Biotechnology, 81-101. 6. Karuthapandi, M., Rao, D. V., Xavier Innocent, B., and Deepa, J. (2013). Zooplankton Diversity and Trophic Status of Safilguda Tank, Hyderabad. Int. J Adv Lif Sci, 6(1), 44-50. 7. Gharib, S. M., El-Sherif, Z. M., Abdel-Halim, A. M., and Radwan, A. A. (2011). Phytoplankton and Environmental Variables as a Water Quality Indicator for the Beaches at Matrouh, South-Eastern Mediterranean Sea, Egypt: An Assessment. Oceanologia. 53(3), 819-836. 8. Gokce, D. (2016). Algae as an Indicator of Water Quality. Algae-Organisms for Imminent Biotechnology. 81-101. 9. Guher, H., Erdogan, S., Kirgiz, T., and Camur-Elipek, B. (2011). The Dynamics of Zooplankton in National Park of Lake Gala (Edirne-Turkey). Acta Zoological Bulgarica, 63(2), 157-168. 10. Jeppesen, E., Jensen, J. P., Soendergaard, M., and Lauridsen, T. L. (2005). Response of Fish and Plankton to Nutrient Loading Reduction in Eight Shallow Danish Lakes with Special Emphasis on Seasonal Dynamics. Freshwater Biology, 50(10), 1616-1627. 11. Levine, S. N., & Schindler, D. W. (1999). Influence of nitrogen to phosphorus supply ratios and physicochemical conditions on cyanobacteria and phytoplankton species composition in the Experimental Lakes Area, Canada. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 56(3), 451-466. 12. Matta, G., Pandey, R. R., & Saini, K. K. (2015). Assessment of pollution on water quality and phytoplankton diversity in canal system of River Ganga. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 4(11), 889-908. 13. Offem, B. O., Ayotunde, E. O., Ikpi, G. U., Ochang, S. N., and Ada, F. B. (2011). Influence of Seasons on Water Quality, Abundance of Fish and Plankton Species of Ikwori Lake, South-Eastern Nigeria. Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal, 13, 1-18. 14. Oparaku, N. F., Andong, F. A., Nnachi, I. A., Okwuonu, E. S., Ezeukwu, J. C., and Ndefo, J. C. (2022). The Effect of Physicochemical Parameters on the Abundance of Zooplankton of River Adada, Enugu, Nigeria. Journal of Freshwater Ecology, 37(1), 33-56. 15. Paturej, E., Gutkowska, A., Koszalka, J., and Bowszys, M. (2017). Effect of Physicochemical Parameters on Zooplankton in the Brackish, Coastal Vistula Lagoon. Oceanologia, 59(1), 49-56. 16. Padmanabha, B. and Belagali, S. L. (2008). Ostracods as Indicators of Pollution in the Lakes of Mysore. Journal of Environmental Biology, 29(3): 415-418. 17. Poniewozik, M., Wojciechowska, W., and Solis, M. (2011). Dystrophy or Eutrophy: Phytoplankton and Physicochemical Parameters in the Functioning of Humic Lake. Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies, 40(2), 22-29. 18. Rasconi, S., Gall, A., Winter, K., and Kainz, M. J. (2015). Increasing Water Temperature Triggers Dominance of Small Freshwater Plankton. PloS one, 10(10), e0140449. 19. Saravankumar, M., Murugesan, P., Damotharan, P., and Punniyamoorthy, R. (2021). Seasonal Composition and Diversity of Zooplankton in Pichavaram Mangrove Forest, South-east Coast of India. Int. J. Mod. Tre, Sci. Tech, 7(09), 60-70. 20. Valois, A., Bill Keller, W., and Ramcharan, C. (2010). Abiotic and Biotic Processes in Lakes Recovering from Acidification: The Relative Roles of Metal Toxicity and Fish Predation as Barriers to Zooplankton Re-establishment. Freshwater Biology, 55(12), 2585-2597. 21. Yu, J., Liu, Z., Li, K., Chen, F., Guan, B., Hu, Y., and Jeppesen, E. (2016). Restoration of Shallow Lakes in Subtropical and Tropical China: Response of Nutrients and Water Clarity to Biomanipulation by Fish Removal and Submerged Plant Transplantation. Water, 8(10), 438. 22. Zhou, L., Huang, L., Tan, Y., Lian, X., Li, K. (2014). Size-based Analysis of a Zooplankton Community Under the Influence of the Pearl River Plume and Coastal Upwelling in the Northeastern South China Sea. Mar. Biol. Res. 2014, 11, 168-179.