ISSN: 2456–5474 RNI No.  UPBIL/2016/68367 VOL.- VII , ISSUE- VIII September  - 2022
Innovation The Research Concept
Showcasing The Significance of Rivers in Indian Culture, Especially The Narmada River via Documentary Making
Paper Id :  16494   Submission Date :  03/09/2022   Acceptance Date :  22/09/2022   Publication Date :  25/09/2022
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Shahaji Shovakar
CEO
Media
Theophany University
Haiti,Delmas
India
Abstract Rivers have long been a symbol of Indian culture, and the filming of rivers is incomplete without showing all their dimensions. They are considered to be life-givers and destroyers; religious, spiritual and heavenly stories are incorporated into scenes to make them more meaningful. The Narmada Parikrama is a pilgrimage walk along the course of the river Narmada in central India. It is traditionally undertaken by revolutionaries who carry votive images of the goddess and perform various rituals. This documentary will present a personal view of this tradition, including how it is currently practiced by modern revolutionaries who undertake this journey to worship the river as a mother. Also Showcasing activities performed during this journey, their daily routine, personal grooming, packing of essential stuff, drinking and making tea, taking meals and gossiping amongst each other, etc...
Keywords Narmada River, Narmada Parikrama, Documentary films, Rivers, Documentary Making.
Introduction
The water resources of India play an important role in the economy of the country because a large portion of the population depends on agriculture and Indian agriculture relies on rainwater. India is also one of the biggest groundwater consumers in the world, with 71% of its water resources spread over just 36% of its landmass; only 29% of inland water bodies are located within its borders. The average rainfall throughout this region is 1160 mm per year, which is less than that found anywhere else on earth at similar latitudes and altitudes. The Narmada River is among the most significant water resources in India. Filming rivers has always been difficult, as every river has its own natural beauty of its type. The Narmada River is full of its natural beauty and it keeps various wealth inside and completes itself in its natural identity. When we talk about filmmaking Narmada, we can start from where the river originates—the Amarkantak temple. In Amarkantak, there is a pond where a small crack in the ground allows water to trickle down into it. This trickle can be considered as the source of the Narmada River; one of its major tributaries. The starting point for shooting should be divided into different parts while filming this river. Beautiful scenes (nature), Fishermen fishing, Wildlife existing around rivers, Water animals and plants, Famous large bridges, Famous Ghats, Famous temples near Narmada, Hoardings of cities, Slums and gutter drains, Birds, the Depth of the river, Disputed places, Holy places/tirth sthal, places with Archeological importance & Historical importance, Stones and hills, Mountains, Dam construction, Funeral on Ghats, Belief related to rivers, Waterfalls, Mud, Rocks and types of rocks, Height of mountains, Tributaries of rivers, atmosphere around rivers, Merging of river into the ocean, Businesses, Boundaries, Crime, Fairs, Tourism, Hydroelectricity, Bathing animals, Washing clothes, Disasters, Superstitions, Accidents, Flood areas, Carelessness towards nature, Projects on rivers, water sports, Waterfalls, etc.. Are the topics to be considered?
Aim of study 1. To comprehend the Narmada Parikrama. 2. To analyze elements of Documentary filmmaking on Rivers.
Review of Literature

India, which has been accepting various cultures and traditions since 3000 years, is a liberal and flexible country. It has accepted various traditions into its population. The country where thousands of civilizations settled around the banks of rivers and gradually turned into one unified civilization. History always gives proofs and signs of those destroyed civilizations and signs of their existing; since most civilizations developed nearer to rivers and water sources, historical proof and marks have been found around rivers, telling stories about past ages. If all these stories included in documentaries create special connection between people around the world, it certainly affects them differently.        

The Narmada is one of the oldest rivers in India and most important river in Madhya Pradesh. It originates from Amarkantak and after flowing hundreds of kilometers, it meets the Arabian Sea in Bharuch, Gujarat. The river covers a distance of 1312 kilometers in her entire journey. Over a territory of 98,796 square kilometers it stretches by the catchment area of the river bordered by Vindhya and Satpura mountain ranges. Satpura National Park, Boriyali National Park, Kanha National Park and many more national parks in which 276 categories are of birds and mammals of 76 categories have found home. All three states—Gujarat, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh are important regions encompassed by its catchment area. 

There are many documentaries that have been made about rivers or water bodies. These movies explain us about the importance of water and its many uses, which is why they are called alarm or warning movies. They inform us about future risks of losing this resource. The reason why there might be a third world war will be because of our lack of understanding about how to use water efficiently. Narmada documentary film will show cultural importance and beliefs held by people in India regarding the river, which is why it took so many years for it to become a reality. Here are examples of some documentaries -

Flow: For love of water (2008), Blue gold: World water wars (2008), One water (2008),Water on table (2010), Water (2006), Deep water (2006), Trouble the water (2008), The water war (1995), In our water (1982), Water’s journey: The hidden river of Florida (2003), 2008 Global conference, Water: The global battle for the world, Earth aid: Water conservation, Pani hari: The water women of India, Modern marvels : Water, Battle for the Klamath, Clean water: Common ground , Science world : Water harvesting (1979), Planet earth : Bole planet : Seas of life.

Narmada River is the only river in the world around which people do Parikrama. A whole Puran (Hindu religious holy book) has been written on the Narmada River. It is believed in India that our four rivers are like four vedas such as Ganga is Rigveda, Yamuna is Yajurveda, Saraswati is Atharv veda and Narmada is Samveda. Samveda is a symbol of Art. Narmada means “namrata” the meaning of which is “the one who never die”. According to geologist and experts, Narmada valley is nearly 60 to 250 crore year old. Also The Vindhya Mountains (172 million years old) is among the oldest mountains of the world. It makes boundaries between Aryavarta and the dakshinaavart according to the classical notion. Maa Narmada’s base is considered as prehistoric heaven by the scientists.

Narmada kund and Amarkantak have been mentioned in Vedic literatures like Shatapatha Brahmana, Puranas, Mahabharata and Ramayana many times. About 6000 years ago a town in the valley of Riksh Parvat was established by the Suryavanshi Samrat Mandhata and was called as Mandhata. The River got its title Narmada from the Mandhata son, Samrat Purukutsa. Historically, Chedi king of 10th-11th century offered this place to Kalachuri king in dowry. Karnadeva, the Kalchuri king had founded a temple in Surajkund during 1042-1072 AD. The river Narmada is amongst the most sacred holy rivers of India, Amarkantak has been chosen as a place for first tribal university. 

Main Text

Documentary

The Narmada River has several spiritual and religious sites, including the Narmada Parikrama (Revolution around the river). Filming can be done at these sites, including usual practices and situations, as follows:

The tonsure ceremony of Parikrama Wasi, an Indian ritual that includes a cleansing ritual, an oath taking ceremony and worship of gods. The identity card issued by the government which is affiliated to the Religion Department. Worshiping god Shiv and Goddess Parvati as well as visiting banks of rivers or other shrines for bathing. Personal stuff used during the Parikrama among which are clothes on their heads with a cloth around it. Dishes used during their meals during Parikrama along with ways of digesting them. Daily routines include going to toilet and other personal activities like standing in queues to offer water at temples for worshipping god Shiv, The journey to Narmada is a source of pain for many people, because of the old ladies and children doing Parikrama, slogans of Narmade Har, prayers of mother Narmada, begging food items in the name of Narmade Har, way of devotion and experience of daily travelling by foot, bicycle or car.            The ashrams of Kapila Muni, Bhrigu Rishi, Markandeya Rishi and Ayodhya kingdom were included in the area of Vindhyachal according to tradition. Historical places, statues, symbols and ghats can be covered in shooting of this documentary. The caves of Bhimbetka (Stone Age) are also situated in the range of Narmada valley around 50 kilometers from Bhopal. Also fossils park of Dindori and Diaspora Museum of Mandu are situated around the Narmada River. The river Narmada is host to hundreds of holy temples. One of the most notable is the Omkareshwar Jyotirling, located on its banks, as well as the Amarkantak and Maheshwar Mahadev temples. Other noteworthy structures include the Choubis Avatar Temple, the Chausath Yogini Temple, and Shulpaneshwar Temple. While these structures are all in a region known as Vindhya Pradesh, there are other areas that are remarkable for their natural beauty. Marble rocks such as those found at Bhedaghat and Dhuandhar Falls provide a striking contrast to their surroundings; biodiversity is also abundant in Pachmarhi (Dhoopgarh, Pandav caves) and Amarkantak (Maa ki bagiya). Fairs along the banks of the Narmada River are a cultural tradition, followed by customs like Narmada Jayanti celebration, Chunari Yatra, Bhagoriya Fair of tribal people living in Alirajpur and Jhabua districts, Snan on Ghats of Narmada River during "Full Moon" and "No Moon Days". Tributaries flowing into the Narmada River such as Hallor river, Tawa River and Banjar river are also celebrated. The Narmada Valley project of dams like Sardar Sarovar dam, Omkareshwar dam, Indira Sagar Project, Maheshwar dam will give a new dimension to the area. Wildlife locations including national parks, sanctuaries, such as Kanha National park, in Mandla district, from where two tributaries of Narmada, Hallon and Banjar pass, also Mukki gate can be shot. Portion of Gujrat state where Narmada flows near the Sardar Sarovar Dam, there is a Shoolpaneshwar sanctuary which was earlier known as Dumkal sloth bear sanctuary. Statue of Unity established as a tribute to Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel is on the Narmada Banks and Bharuch City where Narmada merges with the sea. The Road map of Narmada Parikrama if travelled in One line can cover locations of Omkareshwar- Barwani – Shahda - Ankleshwar – Bharuch- Kukshi – Maheshwar – Barwaha – Khategaon- Nemwar- Bareli- Udaipura- Jabalpur- Shahdol- Amarkantak – Mandla – Narsinghpur – Hoshangabad- Omkareshwar.

Business: Every river where boats or ships travel and water level is always maintained is a place or channel for business. Various areas of India were famous for their business through water ways in ancient times. Documentary can show what kind of business happen and how they are practiced.

Large Cities: Human civilizations have always grown around rivers and small villages of ancient time. As these cities became larger and more populated, people began to move their businesses away from the banks directly connected to the river. This led to a change in life style in these cities as well as their involvement with water bodies. Documentary contains big buildings situated on the banks, huts, sewage systems that connect cities with rivers and crowd which show busy life styles of cities and their involvement with water bodies.

Flood Area: These are areas where people live in residential areas, where the backwaters of rivers enter due to dam construction and the people living there before have to move from there to another localities. The rising water level of the river can affect their living conditions and livelihoods. This can happen because of changes in the flow paths or due to government projects on rivers for development.

Large Bridges: Crossing Rivers is challenging since it slows down human activities and makes it difficult. As soon as human civilization progresses, bridge construction becomes possible and makes traveling easier. Viewing people crossing the bridge, boating in the river and other scenes of people visiting and watching people are important elements of river documentaries.

Rivers and Sewage: In modern human civilization, population growth and waste material generated from it have made rivers increasingly polluted. Disposing of human waste materials into the rivers is dangerous and can be fatal to both humans and animals. This documentary presents such scenes in a realistic way so as to make its message more effective.

Funeral: Hindu religion emphasizes on burning dead bodies, and to perform last rites on the bank of rivers.  

Fisheries / Machhali Palan: The majority of people in the world consume seafood in their diet. Fishing is one of the most important businesses in rivers and seas, and it has been growing continuously in India over the last few decades. In this field among the offerings of rivers to human beings, one is documentary filmmaking. Scenes from documentary films illustrate the progress between ancient businesses and modernization as an important form of entertainment.

Wild life: Rivers have always played an important role in connecting mountains, rocks, forests or wildlife populations that live within their banks. Documentaries about wild animal’s drinking water from rivers, playing around animals are attractive because they make documentary journeys compelling from start to middle.

Rocks & Mud: The water that flows over rocks changes their shape, which gives an attractive appearance to rivers. These scenes help filmmakers create documentaries showing beauty of the rivers. In the area surrounding rivers, mud can present a variety of problems for people. These problems include the erosion that mud causes, as well as the damage that it does to buildings.

Dam: The dam is one of the most significant creations of human beings, because it promotes fisheries, water reaches remote lands via channels constructed in dams, increasing ground water levels. It produces hydroelectric power but also has some negative aspects which get overshadowed.

Delta: Some rivers in India create deltas, which are visible evidence that the specialty of a river can be learned through documentary. Scientific research has evolved into documentary and specific events can be portrayed through this medium.

Disaster: According to Dr. Ambedkar, floods are not inherently dangerous for humans, but improper management of excess water can cause problems. This is represented by the fact that rivers and other water bodies are compressed by settlement of human residential land and unnecessary construction near them.

Accidents, Crimes & Myths:  Rivers are creatures of their own, but human beliefs and actions often corrupt their natural state, causing thousands of crimes and accidents each year, as well as inhuman superstitious activities. Yet there is no responsibility of rivers in these myths to show there facts in documentary changes; human belief and documentary perform their basic fundamental role.

Displacement and Rehabilitation

When people are forced to leave their homes due to war or natural disaster, they often face many problems and conditions. They should follow certain ways in order to survive, such as finding a new place to live, planning their daily routines, and finding jobs. This experience can give a new perspective when making documentaries.

Pilgrims: River documentaries cannot be completed without filming famous pilgrims and holy places established on the banks of rivers, because this is a place where beliefs, faith and festivals are found.

Meal: Beliefs about meals emphasize the importance of eating food regularly and on time. There are many rules and regulations that dictate what can be eaten or avoided, how it should be cooked, how it should taste, and whether or not it provides energy for the whole day.

Clothes: Parikrama Wasi wear special clothes during their journey, which are different from normal clothes. Where do they get these clothes and why do they need them? These questions can be answered while watching the documentary.

Sanitation: Parikrama Wasi, who travel from place to place on foot, must go to the outhouse in the open during their journey. This brings up many problems for them both comfort wise and health wise, including how they overcome these situations and what are the rules for this. The documentary illustrates another face of human needs.

Facing Discomfort: Daily walking towards the destination causes restlessness, body pain, and fever. All these are a part of the pilgrimage known as Narmada Parikrama. If we want to inspire others to walk, we must document this event so that it resembles an important human aspect that remains untouched by documentary makers.

Every Age Group: Parikrama is a ritual performed by many children, youth, old age people, male and female adults. It brings an emotional touch in documentary and informs viewers that anyone can do it.

Offering Water To God Shiva: Parikrama Wasi offer water to God Shiva and worship the mother Narmada. They face many difficulties while doing it, like standing in a queue for hours and facing congested crowds.

Slogan: Narmada Parikrama Wasi say slogans of many types which are the symbol of their beliefs, how many slogans and their types, and timing of slogans, etc. will bring gusto in the documentary.

Maa Narmada Ki Aarti: This scene of the Aarti is always very prosperous and rich and Narmada Parikrama Wasi do it daily, it directly uplifts the environment and the feeling of worship.

Programs / Curricular Activities: Some groups sing songs, some dance, and others share their experiences with others through entertainment. They respect each other's feelings and interact with each other by sharing their experiences. These scenes captured on camera and turned into documentaries can help people understand each other better.

Begging for Necessities: Narmada Parikrama Wasi beg for their food needs, especially flour. Earlier it was the ladies who used to beg. Questions like where they live, what circumstances they face, how they exist, how they fulfill their basic needs, are answered in the documentary. It makes the documentary interesting if these scene of their struggle and begging for daily needs are shown in the documentary.

Knowledge of Rules: There are so many rules and regulations imposed on Parikrama Wasi weather, they are gentleman or ladies. What are these rules and what happens if they do not follow the rules? When these rules were defined, the rules of controlling new Parikrama Wasi would be important for the documentary.

Methodology
The descriptive research and observation method used in this study follows the techniques of statistical research. In depth interviews, analysis of frequencies, and primary and secondary data were used to collect information for this study. A total of 176 respondents participated in this research study, and a secondary data source was obtained from research reports, journals, newspapers, books, Government offices and reports, documentary makers and area experts.
Sampling

Findings- The above information has been taken from the Narmada Parikrama Wasi which are present at the Omkareshwar Narmada Tirtha, Nemawar, Koteshwar, Bharuch Tirtha. In this research, information has been taken from 176 people in which 88 are male and 88 are female. They all are adults and has used their right to vote.

Tools Used Interview Schedule:
1. Name:
2. Age:
3. Place:
4. Occupation:
5. What are the problems with the Narmada River or what problems can happen in the future?
6. Why are you doing Narmada Parikrama or why did you want to do this?
7. Have you completed the Narmada Parikrama earlier?
8. Did tribal or other people bother you during the Parikrama?
9. Are the number of trees reducing in the Path of Narmada Parikrama?
10. Do you sense that the number of trees have reduced all around you, which hampers rainfall.
11. Is there any Nala that flows in your locality which was a River in the Past?
12. Does any small river or Nala flow in your locality which dries up in summer days?
13. Do you watch any documentary Related to Rivers?
Statistics Used in the Study

Frequency Table

Sex

 

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

1

77

44.0

44.0

44.0

2

99

56.0

56.0

100.0

Total

176

100.0

100.0

 

Findings: There are 77 Female and 99 Male Respondent.

Age

 

 

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

2

176

100.0

100.0

100.0

Findings:  Everyone is above 21 year.
What problems come in Narmada Parikrama? And how can Narmada Parikrama be made better?
Findings- Respondent common Experiences state -No Accommodation Facilities, No Food Facilities, No Electricity, No Sign Boards for proper directions, No Safety Measures, No Idea about Culture, No Medical Treatment Facility, No Government Support, No ID or Registration organization, No Money Support, No Emergency Facility, Dirty Ghats, No Clothes Changing Facilities, No Locker Facilities, No Crowd Control System, No Parking Facility, No Garbage (Waste) management and recycle System, No Online Information, No call center Support, Most problems occur during rainy season. If all the above mentioned Facilities are provided Narmada Parikrama shall became much easier and comfortable. 

What are the problems with the Narmada River or what problems can happen in the future?

Findings:  69% Respondent think Old Places or Archeological important places will merge in river water, Flora and Fauna will be Lost.  20% Respondent think Culture Loss, Tribal traditions will be hampered. 11% Respondent think geographical locations of villages will displace, many tirtha sthal along the Narmada River will sink. Due to this, the people of Narmada Parikrama said that there will be far more problems in the future while conducting Parikramas.

Why are you doing Narmada Parikrama or why did you want to do this?

 

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

1

52

29.0

29.0

29.0

2

17

10.0

10.0

39.0

3

88

50.0

50.0

89.0

4

19

11.0

11.0

100.0

Total

176

100.0

100.0

 

Findings:  29% Responded – it’s a type of prayer, 10% Responded – its life altering and the correct way to respect Maa Narmada, 50% Responded -  it’s the Correct Way of Worship, 10% Responded – it’s a Learning with Nature and want to live in Peace. All Respondent believe that this Parikrama has completed because they have faith in Maa Narmada a.k.a Rewa.

Have you completed the Narmada Parikrama earlier?

 

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

1

51

29.0

29.0

29.0

2

125

71.0

71.0

100.0

Total

176

100.0

100.0

 

Findings:  71% Parikrama Wasi said no. 29% partake in small level of Narmada Parikrama for five to seven days and few manage to do full Parikrama.

Did tribal or other people bother you during the Parikrama?

 

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

2

176

100.0

100.0

100.0

Findings:  100% Parikrama Wasi said that no one disturbed them on the pathway.

Are the number of trees reducing in the Path of Narmada Parikrama?

 

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

1

176

100.0

100.0

100.0

Findings: 100% Parikrama Wasi said that trees are reducing in the Path of Narmada Parikrama.

Do you sense that the number of trees have reduced all around you, which hampers rainfall.

 

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

1

176

100.0

100.0

100.0

Findings:  100% Parikrama Wasi said that that the number of trees has reduced around the path which causes reduction in rain.

 Is there any Nala that flows in your locality which was a River in the Past?

 

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

1

176

100.0

100.0

100.0

Findings:  100% Parikrama Wasi said that a Nala flows in most localities which was a
River in the Past.

Does any small river or Nala flow in your locality which dries up in summer days?

 

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

1

176

100.0

100.0

100.0

Findings: 100% Parikrama Wasi said that small river or Nala flows in their locality and has dried up in the summer days.

Do you watch any documentary Related to Rivers?

 

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

1

20

11.0

11.0

31.0

2

156

89.0

89.0

100.0

Total

176

100.0

100.0

 

Findings:  Only 11% Respondent watch Documentaries and acknowledge that River Documentary Films Create Awareness.

Analysis

After speaking to the target group of people I found out that there are many problems that Parikrama Wasi's face while travelling. These problems can be solved by the government by implementing schemes/plans specifically for these travellers. There is a need for Health Services, sanitation, food delivery, accommodation, insurance, overall safety, etc.. for the Parikrama Wasi's.

Result and Discussion

There is a lot that has already been written about the Narmada Parikrama and there is a lot that I learnt while researching this paper. There are many points of discussions regarding the health management, food supply, travelling gear and equipment, sanitation,  accomadation etc.. That can be made better for future Parikrama Wasi's.

Findings How awareness of rivers can be spread? Respondent Response – upgrading the Education System to create Awareness, Providing all essential Facilities, Development of the area as a Tourism Zone/Tourist Spot, Adventure Zone.
Conclusion The significance of the rivers in human civilization, its economy and culture, spiritual deeds and religious activities can be expressed through documentary films. During the Narmada Parikrama, one can feel salvation experiences which are the only purpose of human life. One can understand its existence and attain inner peace by doing this journey. Through this practice tradition, humanity, conservation and culture can be created. The story moves with experiences of Narmada Parikrama Wasi and their belief in God during their journey. The journey of the Parikrama begins from Omkareshwar to Amarkantak, then Amarkantak to Bharuch, then Bharuch to Omkareshwer. The story moves with experiences of Narmada Parikrama Wasi, their belief in God and struggles during the journey. The documentary examines the beauty of rivers, the dependence humans have on them and the unique way of devotion to river-related cultural values.
Suggestions for the future Study The tremendous flow of water in India is reflected by its rivers, which are considered sacred lifelines throughout the country. Each Indian community takes pride in its rivers. India also has a unique way of respecting and offering rivers, which are called Parikrama and the river along which it is done is Narmada, thus it is known as Narmada Parikrama. A good documentary should show both the destruction and ruination that have occurred due to proper management of water from rivers.
Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism are religions that have ancient roots, and it is believed that they originated in India. These religions have holy places that many people visit on a pilgrimage. For example, Hindus go to holy sites like the river Ganges and Mount Kailash to bathe in its waters as part of their rituals; Jains worship at high altitude mountains because water is scarce there; and Buddhists build temples on mountaintops because the air at these altitudes is dry. According to spiritual science, experiments done by Hindu people and practices of Jainism were related to water. In contrast, Jain saints taught that eating things like milk, butter and curd maintained balance in the body by maintaining fluidity. Not bathing was essential for Jains because they did not require humidity inside or outside their bodies. Every religion has a way of fasting around the world except for Jainism which does not allow water during fasting. No one restricted water except Jainism. After that, if a place is declared holy by Hindus or Jains, then its water will not be considered as a pilgrimage site. These are some examples of spiritual belief and if this phase of truth can be pictured through documentary, new aspects can emerge. For example, the water of Ganges River is wonderful. It remains pure always, never decomposing; it can be stored in bottles for long time whereas the water of other rivers if stored in plastic becomes smelly and dirty. If dead bodies dropped into the other rivers then rivers become dirty and unclean. But Ganga never gets dirty due to dead bodies’ bones dissolves in Ganga automatically very fast. The banks of rivers have been a special faith, belief and place of spiritualism. People have been benefited by it for their general activities and commercial activities. They worshipped rivers and considered them as holy places.
The tourism industry will be promoted in the Narmada valley through this documentary, which also creates employment opportunities and improves standards of living. Through its help, people will gain skills and become more aware of their surroundings by learning about the region's culture and history. During this documentary, destinations such as those found around river banks will be explored by new tourists. At an international level, an image of the Narmada River will be created that conveys powerful messages about its importance to India.
Facilities to be made available to Parikrama Wasi: Stay, Food, Medical, Electricity, Sign Board for Directions, Cultural information, Government Support, ID or Registration organizations, Financial Support, Emergency Facilities, Clean Ghats, Clothes Changing Facilities, Locker Facility, Crowd Control Systems, Parking Facility, Garbage (Waste) management and recycling System, online Information, call center Support, are the essential requirements.
Limitation of the Study Narmada is a very vast river there are countless places to see, discover and study along the banks. I have tried to capture as much I could, also travelling such a long journey takes time and quite a lot of finance. At times it wasn't feasible Financially.
Acknowledgement This research paper would not be possible without the help of many people/ Guides but above all I would like to thank the government officials, various institutions, workers, travellers, NGOs and specifically the Narmada Parikrama Wasi's.
To name a few people Dr. Harendra Pratap Singh Chouhan
Mr. Swapneel Mahindre
Mr. Govind Vidyarthi
Mrs. Megha Paradkar
References
Journals 1. Dr. Pankaja Sharma (2015) Seasonal Variations in Physico-Chemical Properties of Narmada River in Dindori Madhya Pradesh, India ISSN: 2321-9653. 2. Minu Kumari, 2L.K Mudgal, 3K.C. Patidar, 4Dr A.K.Singh, Comparative Phytoplankton studies of two reservoirs Punasa and Omkareshwar of Narmada River, MP, India. Received: 22 January 2014 Final Accepted: 25 February 2014 Published Online: March 2014. 3. Pawan kumar singh and pradeep shrivastava.analysis of water quality of river Narmada, international journal of current research vol. 7, issue, 12, pp.24073-24076, december, 2015, issn: 0975-833x. 4. Geomorphic significance of udai basin in the Narmada tapi river link. (2009) research link, issue-63, vol. viii, (4) June 2009. pp. 88-89. 5. Muslim Ahmad Shah and Vipin Vyas, (2015) Assessment of Macrophytic diversity in selected reaches of River Narmada at Hoshangabad District of Madhya Pradesh. 6. Narmada Basin Water Development Plan: Development of Fisheries Narmada Planning Agency, GOMP. 1987. 7. prabhin sukumaran1,4, dhananjay a. sant1 , k. krishnan2 and govindan rangarajan3, (2012) high resolution facies record on late holocene flood plain sediments from lower reaches of narmada valley, western india journal geological society of india vol.79, january 2012, pp.41-52. 8. The Anthropological Salvage Plan for Narmada Valley. Anthropological Survey of India 1988. 9. The Sardar Sarovar Narmada Project Studies on Ecology and Environment by MSU 1983. 10. Impact Assessment of Madhya Pradesh Land to be submerged Under Sardar Sarovar Project and Adjoining State Forest Research Institute, Jabalpur. 1992. 11. vaghasiya a.r.1 , pamnani a. n.2 , patel n.r.3., (2016)physico-chemical study of narmada river water at gujarat, india , vol-2 issue-3 2016 ijariie-issn(o)-2395-439. 12. L.S. Chamyal *, A.S. Khadkikar, J.N. Malik, D.M. Maurya, (1996) Sedimentology of the Narmada alluvial fan, western India. Books 1. Srivastava Pankaj (2007). Jungle Rahe taki Narmada Bahe. (Hindi). Narmada Conservation Initiative, Indore. 2. Geoffrey Waring Maw (1991). Narmada, the life of a river. Marjorie Sykes. 3. Yoginder K. Alagh; Mahesh T. Pathak; D. T. Buch (1995). Narmada and Environment: An Assessment. Har-Anand Publications. 4. K. Sankaran Unni (1996). Ecology of River Narmada. APH Publishing. ISBN 978-81-7024-765-4. 5. Singh BAL Hartosh (2013). Water close over us: A journey along the Narmada. HarperCollins India. ISBN 9350297051. 6. Narsimhan, T N. (2008), A note on India’s water budget and evapotranspiration, journal of earth system science, vol 117, No 3, PP 237-240. 7. Documentary Film Making on Tribal in India by Dr. Harendra Pratap Singh Chouhan & Dr. Shahaji Shovakar 8. यायावर दुनिया की किताब - अनुभव, भावनाएँ और पहाड़ - डॉ. हरेन्द्र चौहान 9. Saundarya Ki Nadi Narmada by Vegad Amrit Lal 10. Waters Close Over Us by Bal Hartosh Singh 11. 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