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| Role of Ayurvedic Medications in the Management of Stomatitis (Sarvasara Mukhpaka) | |||||||
| Paper Id :
17535 Submission Date :
05/04/2023 Acceptance Date :
22/04/2023 Publication Date :
25/04/2023
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| Abstract | In the present study we are dealing with Sarvasara Mukhpaka. Sarvasara Mukhpaka have the same clinical features and pathology as per stomatitis. Therefore, we are going to correlate mukhpaka with stomatitis in the present article. This problem is devastating among the world as Oral ulceration is a common condtion. The estimated prevalence of oral ulcers worldwide is 4% among the population of 7.88.84 crores, with aphthous ulcer is most common condition which affect about 25 percent of the population in the world. It is considered to be major reason of mouth cancer universally. Use of tobacco, alcohol, hot and fast foods are considered to be the causes of mukhpaka (stomatitis). Another type of mouth ulcer also known as aphthous ulcer is a type of autoimmune disease. Now it has been observed that Ayurvedic medications can successfully treat the stomatitis; the aphthous ulcers also through rasayana therapy. The symptoms, signs and pathology indicated in all types of mukhpaka point towards the stomatitis in which all the above features occur. Ayurvedic treatment can successfully cure the stomatitis. Although many ailments are available for stomatitis in other systems of medicine including allopathy but they provide only temporary relief and give symptomatic management. As ayurvedic treatment and procedures cure the mukhpaka (stomatitis) thus this topic is of concern in the present study. | ||||||
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| Keywords | Sarvasara, Mukhpaka, Stomatitis, Mouth Cancer, Sodhana, Shita Application, Kavala, Gandusha, Nasya Karma, Snaihika Dhuma. | ||||||
| Introduction |
The term aphthous is a term derived from a Greek word aphtha meaning ulceration, This term was first described by Hippocrates and later described by Mikulicz and Kummel as ‘Mikulicz’s aphthae. These ulcers present clinically as multiple, small, round, or ovoid, with circumscribed margins and covered by a yellowish or greyish-white fibrinous exudate and surrounded by an erythematous halo. These are first seen in childhood or adolescence. Intense or moderate pain is seen in these and the ulcers heal in 10-14 days in common type and more than 2 weeks for the severe type. Recurrence takes place in intervals within a year or over several years.
Today the Ancient classicals have described sarvasara rogas which affect the entire mouth as caused by vata, pitta, kapha and rakta. Acharyas have described their symptoms and signs according to their types which include; in vata dosha painful ulceration of whole oral cavity takes place. While in case of pitta dosha small eruptions occur, which are red or yellow along with burning sensation. In kapha dosha the clinical features include itiching and mild pain. Due to rakta dosha clinical features are similar to pitta dosha. Sarvasara roga is also referred as mukhpaka by some Acharyas. In Astanga hridya other types of mukhpaka have also been included in uttarsthana chapter 21. These include Urdhvagudha roga, raktaj mukhpaka, pittaj mukhpaka, mukhaarbuda, tridoshaja mukhpaka and putimukhroga, Urdhvagudha roga is caused by upward misdirection of apana vayu leading to foul smell from mouth. In case of raktaj mukhpaka and pittaj mukhpaka; similar clinical features, pathology and treatment modalties described by Astanga hridya as well as well as by Sushruta Samhita are similar. Next roga indicated in Astanga hridya is mukharbuda roga in which vitiation of kapha dosha occur leading to arose of shyava and pandu varna arbuda. Tridoshaja mukhpaka occur due to vitiation of rakta dhatu and vata, pitta and kapha dosha. Next roga is putimukha roga, the lakshans of which include foul smell from mouth as a result of avoidance of teeth brushing, kavala dharna as well as other mukhshodaka kriyas. These include urdhvagudha roga, pittaj, raktaj, Mukharbuda, tridoshaja and putimukhroga. |
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| Aim of study | Aims and objectives of the present study are- 1. To compare stomatitis with sarvasara mukhpaka. 2. To find safe and effective medicines for stomatitis from classical texts. 3. To evaluate effective procedures for the management of stomatitis. | ||||||
| Methodology | 1. The material for present topic of Mukhpaka (stomatitis) was collected from the ayurvedic samhitas, modern books, internet and dictionary for upgrading the knowledge about stomatitis.
2. Ancient samhitas including Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga hridaya, Charak Samhita, Cakrapani commentary on charak, laghutriya granths were studied for the correlation of stomatitis with the diseased condition mentioned in these granths. Samprapti (pathology) and lakshnas (clinical features) have been studied and treatment options including medicines and procedures are looked for management of stomatitis.
3. Textbooks related to Rasshastra, Dravyaguna vigyan and Shalya tantra apart from books related to Shalakya tantra were reviewed to gain the knowledge about the present topic.
4. Pharmacology textbooks were studied thoroughly to establish mode of action of the therapies mentioned in ayurvedic samhitas. |
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| Result and Discussion | 1. Regarding correlation of stomatitis with
sarvasara mukhpaka roga Stomatits is
correlated with sarvasara rogs depending upon following factors- 1. According to Acharya susruta nidana (causative factors), lakshans (clinical features), samprapti (pathology) of sarvasara roga shows that all of these match with stomatitis as mentioned in modern texts as well as on internet. 2. As per
Acharya Vagbhatta, the nomenclature of rogas may be different but as mentioned
earlier in the present topic; but still all the information indicates that
mukhpaka is stomatitis. 3. According to modern textbooks and other sources like internet is mentioned as stomatitis as inflammation of any structures of the mouth including cheeks, gums, tongue, lips, throat and roof and floor of the mouth. The present definition of stomatitis indicates it to be sarvsara roga. 4. The aetiology, causes and pathophysiology shows stomatitis as sarvasara roga according to all the knowledge gained as above.
Figure 1- Stomatitis (In this figure it may seen that how stomatitis affects whole of the mouth structures)
Figure 2-Stomatits (May affect any part of the mouth that is why it is correlated to Sarvsara Rogas)
Figure 3-Stomatits affecting different parts of the mouth
Figure
4(A)- Major ulcers on the mucous membrane of the lower lip.
Figure 4 (B)-Ulcer on the soft palate.
Figure 5-Granular type of Stomatitis
Figure 6-Vincent stomatitis
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